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| scientific name | common name(s) | image gallery |
| Rhus glabra | Smooth sumac | |
| Rhododendron maximum | Great laurel Wild rhododendron Rosebay rhododendron White laurel Rosebay | |
| Rhododendron periclymenoides | Pink azalea Pinxterbloom azalea Pinxterflower | |
| Rhododendron prunifolium | Plumleaf azalea | |
| Rhus typhina | Staghorn sumac Velvet sumac | |
| Rhododendron vaseyi | Pink-shell azalea Pinkshell azalea | |
| Rhexia virginica | Meadow beauty Handsome Harry | |
| Rhododendron viscosum | Swamp azalea Clammy azalea Cory azalea | |
| Ribes americanum | American black currant Wild black currant | |
| Rosa blanda | Smooth rose Early wild rose | |
| Rosa carolina | Carolina rose Pasture rose | |
| Rosa palustris | Swamp rose | |
| Rosa setigera | Climbing prairie rose Climbing rose Prairie Rose | |
| Rosa virginiana | Virginia rose | |
| Rudbeckia hirta | Black-eyed Susan Common black-eyed Susan Brown-eyed Susan | |
| Ruellia humilis | Fringeleaf wild petunia Hairy ruellia Low wild Petunia Low ruellia | |
| Rudbeckia laciniata | Cutleaf coneflower Green-head coneflower Cut-leaf coneflower | |
| Rubus odoratus | Purpleflowering raspberry Purple-flowering raspberry Thimbleberry | |
| Rudbeckia subtomentosa | Sweet coneflower Sweet black-eyed Susan | |
| Sassafras albidum | Sassafras | |
| Sanguinaria canadensis | Bloodroot | |
| Sanguisorba canadensis | Canadian burnet American burnet | |
| Salix discolor | Pussy willow Glaucous willow | |
| Salix nigra | Black willow Gulf black willow | |
| Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis | Common elderberry Black elder Mexican elderberry Common elder Elderberry Tapiro Sauco | |
| Salix sericea | Silky willow | |
| Scirpus cyperinus | Woolgrass Cottongrass bulrush Marsh bulrush Teddybear paws | |
| Scutellaria incana | Hoary skullcap Downy skullcap | |
| Scutellaria ovata | Heartleaf skullcap Heart-leaf Skullcap | |
| Schizachyrium scoparium | Little bluestem | |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani | Softstem bulrush Soft-stem club-rush Great bulrush | |
| Sedum ternatum | Woodland stonecrop Wild stonecrop | |
| Silphium perfoliatum | Cup plant | |
| Silene virginica | Fire pink Scarlet catchfly | |
| Sorbus americana | American mountain ash American mountain-ash | |
| Solidago caesia | Wreath goldenrod Blue-stemmed goldenrod Bluestem goldenrod | |
| Sorghastrum nutans | Indiangrass Yellow indian grass | |
| Solidago rugosa | Wrinkleleaf goldenrod Wrinkle-leaf goldenrod Rough-leaved goldenrod Roughleaf goldenrod Rough-stemmed goldenrod Roughstem goldenrod | |
| Solidago ulmifolia | Elmleaf goldenrod Elm-leaf goldenrod | |
| Spiraea alba | White meadowsweet | |
| Spiranthes cernua | Nodding lady's tresses Ladies’ tresses Nodding ladies’ tresses orchid | |
| Sporobolus heterolepis | Prairie dropseed | |
| Spigelia marilandica | Woodland pinkroot Pinkroot Indian pink Spigelia | |
| Spiraea tomentosa | Steeplebush | |
| Stylophorum diphyllum | Celandine poppy Yellow wood poppy | |
| Symphoricarpos albus | Common snowberry | |
| Symphyotrichum cordifolium | Broad-leaved aster Common blue wood aster Heartleaf aster | |
| Symplocarpus foetidus | Skunk cabbage Skunk-cabbage | |
| Symphyotrichum lateriflorum | Calico aster | |
| Symphyotrichum novae-angliae | New England aster New England American-aster | |
| Symphyotrichum oolentangiense | Skyblue aster Sky blue American-aster | |
| Symphoricarpos orbiculatus | Coralberry Indian currant Buckbrush | |
| Symphyotrichum puniceum | Purplestem aster Purple-stemmed Aster | |
| Taxodium distichum | Bald cypress Baldcypress Common bald cypress Southern bald cypress Deciduous cypress | |
| Thalictrum pubescens | King of the meadow King-of-the-meadow | |
| Tilia americana | American basswood American linden Lime tree Bee tree | |
| Tiarella cordifolia | Heartleaf foamflower Heart-leaf foamflower | |
| Tipularia discolor | Crippled cranefly | |
| Triosteum aurantiacum | Orangefruit horse-gentian | |
| Trautvetteria caroliniensis | Carolina bugbane | |
| Trillium cuneatum | Little sweet Betsy | |
| Trillium erectum | Red trillium Stinking-Benjamin Wakerobin Purple trillium | |
| Trillium luteum | Yellow wakerobin | |
| Tradescantia ohiensis | Bluejacket Ohio spiderwort | |
| Triosteum perfoliatum | Feverwort Wild Coffee | |
| Trillium sessile | Toadshade Red trillium Wake-robin | |
| Tsuga canadensis | Eastern hemlock | |
| Ulmus americana | American elm White elm | |
| Uvularia grandiflora | Largeflower bellwort Large-flower bellwort Merrybells | |
| Vaccinium angustifolium | Late lowbush blueberry Lowbush blueberry | |
| Verbesina alternifolia | Wingstem Yellow ironweed | |
| Vernonia noveboracensis | New York ironweed | |
| Veronicastrum virginicum | Culver's root | |
| Viburnum acerifolium | Mapleleaf viburnum Maple-leaf viburnum Arrow-wood Maple-leaf arrow-wood | |
| Viola canadensis | Canadian white violet | |
| Viola cucullata | Blue marsh violet Marsh blue violet | |
| Viburnum dentatum | Southern arrowwood | |
| Viburnum lentago | Nannyberry Blackhaw Sweet viburnum Sheepberry | |
| Viburnum nudum | Possumhaw viburnum Possumhaw | |
| Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides | Withe-rod Witherod viburnum Possumhaw Wild raisin | |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum | American cranberry bush Highbush-cranberry American cranberrybush viburnum Cranberry viburnum | |
| Viola ×palmata | Early blue violet Trilobed violet | |
| Viola pedata | Birdfoot violet Bird’s-foot violet Bird-foot violet | |
| Viburnum prunifolium | Blackhaw Smooth blackhaw Blackhaw viburnum Smooth blackhaw viburnum Stagbush | |
| Viola ×primulifolia | Primrose-leaved violet | |
| Viola pubescens | Downy yellow violet | |
| Viola rostrata | Longspur violet Violette à long éperon | |
| Viola rotundifolia | Roundleaf yellow violet Round-leaved yellow violet | |
| Viola striata | Striped cream violet Striped violet | |
| Waldsteinia fragarioides | Appalachian barren strawberry Barren Strawberry | |
| Xanthorhiza simplicissima | Shrub yellowroot Yellowroot | |
| Zanthoxylum americanum | Common pricklyash Toothache tree Prickly ash | |
| Zizia aurea | Golden zizia Golden Alexanders | |
| scientific name | common name(s) | image gallery |