Native Plants

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Cressler, Alan

Viola bicolor

Viola bicolor Pursh

Field Pansy, Wild Pansy

Violaceae (Violet Family)

Synonym(s): Viola kitaibeliana, Viola kitaibeliana var. rafinesquei, Viola rafinesquei

USDA Symbol: VIBI

USDA Native Status: L48 (N), CAN (N)

Viola bicolor is deep violet to pale lavender in color. Its leaves grow in clusters on the stem, and out of them grow 1 or 2 leafless stems with a blossom at the end. This is one of the smallest (flower size) of Texas violets.

From the Image Gallery

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Plant Characteristics

Duration: Annual
Habit: Herb
Leaf Complexity: Simple
Fruit Type: Capsule
Size Notes: Up to about 1 foot tall.

Bloom Information

Bloom Color: White , Yellow , Purple , Violet
Bloom Time: Mar , Apr , May
Bloom Notes: Petals violet-blue to light lavender-blue or whitish, paler and at least the lower ones darkly veined toward base, the lowest one more or less yellow toward center and base (or rarely the lower petals wholly dark-colored).

Distribution

USA: AL , AR , AZ , CO , DC , DE , FL , GA , IA , ID , IL , IN , KS , KY , LA , MA , MD , MI , MO , MS , NC , NE , NJ , NM , NY , OH , OK , PA , SC , SD , TN , TX , VA , WV

National Wetland Indicator Status

Region:	AGCP	AK	AW	CB	EMP	GP	HI	MW	NCNE	WMVE
Status:	FAC		FAC		FACU	FAC		FACU	FACU	FACU

This information is derived from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers National Wetland Plant List, Version 3.1 (Lichvar, R.W. 2013. The National Wetland Plant List: 2013 wetland ratings. Phytoneuron 2013-49: 1-241). Click here for map of regions.

Bibliography

Bibref 248 - Texas Wildflowers: A Field Guide (1984) Loughmiller, C. & L. Loughmiller
Bibref 328 - Wildflowers of Texas (2003) Ajilvsgi, Geyata.

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Web Reference

Webref 38 - Flora of North America (2019) Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
Webref 23 - Southwest Environmental Information Network (2009) SEINet - Arizona Chapter

Research Literature

Reslit 2849 - A Fascicle of Violets (1899) Edward L. Greene

This information was provided by the Florida WIldflower Foundation.
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Additional resources

USDA: Find Viola bicolor in USDA Plants
FNA: Find Viola bicolor in the Flora of North America (if available)
Google: Search Google for Viola bicolor

Metadata

Record Modified: 2023-01-03
Research By: TWC Staff

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