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Special Collections

Wildflowers of the Eastern Woodlands

Deciduous forests cover much of the eastern United States, gradually giving way to coniferous forests farther north and grasslands to the west. Dominated by deciduous trees, eastern forests typically have several vertical layers of vegetation, including a dense, upper canopy of mature trees; a subcanopy of smaller or immature trees; and an understory of shrubs and low-growing herbaceous plants. Many woodland wildflowers, called spring ephemerals, bloom before the trees have leafed out; other species, which can tolerate partial or complete shade, flower later. The species in this collection comprise some of the most common spring wildflowers in eastern deciduous forests.

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scientific namecommon name(s)image gallery
Actaea rubraRed Baneberry
Anemone quinquefoliaWood Anemone
Nightcaps
Windflower
Aquilegia canadensisEastern Red Columbine
Wild Red Columbine
Aralia nudicaulisWild Sarsaparilla
Arisaema triphyllumJack In The Pulpit
Indian Jack In The Pulpit
Jack-in-the-pulpit
Caltha palustrisYellow Marsh Marigold
Cowslip
Clintonia borealisBluebead
Yellow Bluebead-lily
Clintonia
Blue-bead Lily
Claytonia carolinianaCarolina Springbeauty
Cornus canadensisBunchberry Dogwood
Canadian Bunchberry
Cypripedium acauleMoccasin Flower
Pink Lady's Slipper
scientific namecommon name(s)image gallery

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General Appearance

Lifespan

Light requirement
 Sun - 6 or more hrs
 Part shade - 2 to 6 hrs
 Shade - 2 hrs or less

Soil moisture
 Dry - no signs of moisture
 Moist - looks & feels damp
 Wet - saturated

Bloom Time
 Jan  Feb  Mar
 Apr  May  Jun
 Jul  Aug  Sep
 Oct  Nov  Dec
Bloom Color
 White  Red  Pink
 Orange  Yellow  Green
 Blue  Purple  Violet
 Brown  Black

Leaf Arrangement
 Alternate
 Opposite
 Whorled
 Fascicled

Leaf Retention
 Deciduous
 Evergreen
 Semi-evergreen