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Isodendrion laurifolium
Isodendrion laurifolium A. Gray
Rockcliff Isodendrion
Violaceae (Violet family)
Synonym(s): Isodendrion forbesii, Isodendrion lydgatei, Isodendrion subsessilifolium, Isodendrion waianaeense
USDA Symbol: ISLA3
USDA Native Status: HI (N)
Rare. Short-lived perennial shrub; glabrous, erect, with a few short, ascending branchlets.
The major threats to this species are feral goat, pigs and competition with introduced plant species. (Bibref: 1789).
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Plant Characteristics
Duration: PerennialHabit: Shrub
Leaf Arrangement: Alternate
Leaf Complexity: Simple
Leaf Shape: Elliptic , Lanceolate
Leaf Pubescence: Villose
Leaf Texture: Leathery
Breeding System: Flowers Bisexual
Inflorescence: Axillary
Fruit Type: Capsule
Size Notes: From 100 to 200 cm in height. (Webref: 28).
Leaf: Stipules glabrous or ciliate, 1.9 to 3 mm long, obliquely linear-lanceolate. Leaves glabrous, subcoriaceous, prominently reticulate-veined, linear-oblanceolate (Reslit: 2850). Blades 4 to 16 cm long, 1.5 to 5 cm wide (Bibref: 1789).
Flower: "Flowers solitary in axillary short shoots; corolla caducous, blue, weakly zygomorphic, petals prolonged into a "tube" with bottom petal slightly longer than others and weakly differentiated, scarcely saccate at base; filaments free, anthers dehiscing laterally". (Bibref: 1788). Sepals five, distinct, unequal, persistent, glabrous throughout. Petals five. Stamens 5, unequal or subequal, free on the receptacle ; filaments ligulate. (Reslit: 2850).
Fruit: Fruit is a capsule. (Bibref: 1786). Thick-walled. (Bibref: 1788). "Petals and stamens marcescent, persisting around the fruit." (Bibref: 1788).
Bloom Information
Bloom Color: White , PurpleBloom Time: Jan , Feb , Mar , Apr , May , Jun , Jul , Aug , Sep , Oct , Nov , Dec
Bloom Notes: Corollas white with purple longitudinal stripes.
Distribution
USA: HINative Distribution: Endemic to the Hawaiian islands of Oahu and Kauai. (Webref: 28).
Native Habitat: Moist, or rarely wet forests on gulch slopes. (Webref: 28). "Usually found at elevations between 376 and 1,163 m (1,233 and 3,817 ft) in diverse mesic forest dominated by Metrosideros polymorpha, Acacia koa or Diospyros spp." (Bibref: 1789)
Propagation
Propagation Material: SeedsDescription: This is a federally listed species. US Fish and Wildlife Service guidelines should be followed for the propagation of lawfully possessed plants. Wild-growing plants may not be collected or propagated without federal permit.
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Threatened & Endangered Status
USFWS Species Profile: Q108Status:Bibliography
Bibref 1789 - Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Determination of Endangered or Threatened Status for Fourteen Plant Taxa From the Hawaiian Islands (1996) Rogers, John G.Bibref 1788 - The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants - Volume 11 (eBook) (2014) Kubitzki, K. (editor)
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Web Reference
Webref 6 - Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database] (2018) USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.Webref 28 - NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life (2018) NatureServe
Webref 27 - USDA Plants Database (2018) USDA, NRCS.
Additional resources
USDA: Find Isodendrion laurifolium in USDA PlantsFNA: Find Isodendrion laurifolium in the Flora of North America (if available)
Google: Search Google for Isodendrion laurifolium
Metadata
Record Modified: 2021-01-01Research By: Joseph A. Marcus