Plant Database

From the Image Gallery

Plant Characteristics

Duration: Perennial
Habit: Shrub
Leaf Arrangement: Opposite
Leaf Complexity: Simple
Leaf Margin: Entire
Breeding System: Flowers Unisexual , Flowers Bisexual
Inflorescence: Axillary , Terminal
Fruit Type: Drupe
Leaf: "Leaves dark green on upper surface, lower surface brighter, chartaceous, broadly elliptic to elliptic-ovate, (6.3-)8-13(-15) cm long, (1.8-)3-4(-6) cm wide, tomentose to villous, sometimes becoming glabrate, apex acute to acuminate, base slightly tapering to acute, petioles 6-18 mm long, pubescent." (bibref:1798). "Leaves dark-green, thick chartaceous, with prorninent nerves thinly pubecscent on the upper face, gray-tornentose underneath, almost villous along the rib and nerves, elliptico- oblong, 3 to 4cm X 1-1/2 to 2cm, on petioles of 3- 5mm, equally acuminate at both ends." (bibref: 1808).
Flower: "Flowers perfect or unisexual, yellow, pubescent, becoming glabrate, peduncles 2-4 mm long, hirsute, rachis 5-25 mm long, hirsute, sometimes furcate, pedicels 1-3 mm long; calyx tube of staminate and perfect flowers 12-15 mm long, outer lobes 2.5-4.7 mm long, 1.5-2.5 mm wide, inner lobes 2-4 mm long, 1.2-1.5 mm wide; calyx tube of pistillate flowers 6-8 mm long, outer lobes 1.5-2.5 mm long, 1.5-2.2 mm wide, inner lobes 1.3-2 mm long, 1.2-2 mm wide." (bibref:1798). "Spike thick squarrose, deflected, 1 cm or more long when full grown, on a peduncle of 1 to 2 mm, densely flowering along its entire length, often forking. Perianth on a pedicel of 1/2 to 1cm, subcoreaceous, villous, 4 to 5 cm, with the lobes 1/3 the length of the tube, which is fusiform and splits laterally at an early period. Lower stamens in the upper third of the tube." (bibref: 1808).
Fruit: "Fruit elliptic, 10-13 mm long, ca. 7 mm in diameter." (bibref:1798). Scales much shorter than the ovary, lanceolate, connate below. Style 1/2 as long as the ovary, which reaches the middle of the tube and is hairy at the apex. Drupe obovoid, 5 to 6 mm." (bibref: 1808).

Bloom Information

Bloom Color: Yellow
Bloom Time: Jan , Feb , Mar , Apr , May , Jun , Jul , Aug , Sep , Oct , Nov , Dec

Distribution

USA: HI
Native Distribution: Endemic and rare on the eastern side of the Hawaiian island of Maui.
Native Habitat: "Rare in wet forest on the windward side of Haleakala, ca. l,220-1,950 m, East Maui, and known from 2 collections, the type and Faurie 1148 (BM), from ridges in Wailuku Valley, West Maui." (bibref: 1798). This taxon grows " in wet forest on windward Haleakala 1220–1950 m". (webref: 47).

Growing Conditions

Water Use: Medium , High
Light Requirement: Part Shade , Shade
Soil Moisture: Moist , Wet

U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Threatened & Endangered Status

USFWS Species Profile: Q244
Status: Endangered
Historic Range: U.S.A. (HI).
Critical Habitat: N/A
Special Rules: N/A
This information is derived from the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Serrvice Environmental Conservation Online System.

National Wetland Indicator Status

Region:	AGCP	AK	AW	CB	EMP	GP	HI	MW	NCNE	WMVE
Status:							FACU

This information is derived from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers National Wetland Plant List, Version 3.1 (Lichvar, R.W. 2013. The National Wetland Plant List: 2013 wetland ratings. Phytoneuron 2013-49: 1-241). Click here for map of regions.

Bibliography

Bibref 1808 - Flora of the Hawaiian Islands: a Description of their Phanerogams and Vascular Cryptogams (1888) Hillebrand M.D., William
Bibref 1798 - Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii, Revised Edition (1999) Wagner, W.L.; Herbst, D.R.; Sohmer, S.H.

Search More Titles in Bibliography

Web Reference

Webref 49 - Flora of the Hawaiian Islands (2020) Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
Webref 47 - Hawaiian Ethnobotany Online Database (2020) Bishop Museum
Webref 31 - Native Plants Hawai’i (2018) University of Hawaii
Webref 28 - NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life (2018) NatureServe

Additional resources

USDA: Find Wikstroemia villosa in USDA Plants
FNA: Find Wikstroemia villosa in the Flora of North America (if available)
Google: Search Google for Wikstroemia villosa