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Special Collections

High Plains

The High Plains area is part of the Southern Great Plains. It is separated from the Rolling Plains by the Llano Estacado Escarpment and dissected by the Canadian River Breaks in the northern part. Notable canyons include Tule and Palo Duro along the Caprock. This relatively level plateau contains many shallow siltation depressions, or playa lakes, which sometimes cover as much as 40 acres and contain several feet of water after heavy rains. These depressions support unique patterns of vegetation within their confines.

The upland soils are dark brown to reddish brown, mostly deep, neutral to calcareous clay and clay loams in the north to sandy loams and sands in the south. Caliche is present under many soils at various depths, especially on the Potter series. The original vegetation of the High Plains was variously classified as mixed prairie, shortgrass prairie, and in some locations on deep, sandy soils as tallgrass prairie. Blue grama, buffalograss, and galleta (Hilaria jamesii) are the principal vegetation on the clay and clay loam sites.

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scientific namecommon name(s)image gallery
Lithospermum incisumFringed Puccoon
Golden Puccoon
Narrowleaf Puccoon
Narrow-leaved Puccoon
Puccoon
Narrowleaf Gromwell
Fringed Gromwell
Narrowleaf Stoneseed
Linum pratenseMeadow Flax
Liatris punctataDotted Blazing Star
Dotted Gayfeather
Dotted Liatris
Purples
Linum rigidumStiffstem Flax
Large-flower Yellow Flax
Yellow Flax
Lobelia cardinalisCardinal Flower
Melampodium leucanthumBlackfoot Daisy
Rock Daisy
Plains Blackfoot
Arnica
Melica nitensThree-flower Melic
Tall Melicgrass
Threeflower Melicgrass
Melicgrass
Monarda citriodoraLemon Beebalm
Purple Horsemint
Lemon Mint
Plains Horsemint
Lemon Horsemint
Horsemint
Purple Lemon Mint
Morus microphyllaTexas Mulberry
Littleleaf Mulberry
Mountain Mulberry
Mexican Mulberry
Dwarf Mulberry
Muhlenbergia arenaceaEar Muhly
Muhlenbergia torreyiRing Muhly
Torrey Muhly
Nuttallanthus texanusTexas Toadflax
Texas Toad-flax
Toadflax
Oenothera speciosaPink Evening Primrose
Showy Evening Primrose
Mexican Evening Primrose
Showy Primrose
Pink Ladies
Buttercups
Pink Buttercups
Opuntia engelmannii var. engelmanniiCactus Apple
Prickly Pear
Opuntia macrorhizaBigroot Prickly Pear
Twist-spine Prickly Pear
Common Prickly Pear
Plains Prickly Pear
Palafoxia roseaRosy Palafox
Rose Palafoxia
Pascopyrum smithiiWestern Wheatgrass
Palafoxia sphacelataOthake
Sand Palafoxia
Panicum virgatumSwitchgrass
Wand Panic Grass
Penstemon ambiguusPink Plains Penstemon
Pink Plains Beardtongue
Gilia Penstemon
Gilia Beardtongue
Sand Penstemon
Sand Beardtongue
Penstemon fendleriFendler's Penstemon
Fendler's Beardtongue
Fendler Penstemon
Fendler Beardtongue
Purple Foxglove
Penstemon jamesiiJames's Penstemon
James's Beardtongue
James Penstemon
James Beardtongue
Phacelia integrifoliaGypsum Phacelia
Gyp Blue-curls
Pinus edulisColorado Pinyon Pine
Colorado Pinyon
Pinyon Pine
Pinyon
Two-needle Pine
Two-needle Pinyon
Two-leaf Pinyon
Nut Pine
Pino Dulce
Polygala albaWhite Milkwort
scientific namecommon name(s)image gallery

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General Appearance

Lifespan

Light requirement
 Sun - 6 or more hrs
 Part shade - 2 to 6 hrs
 Shade - 2 hrs or less

Soil moisture
 Dry - no signs of moisture
 Moist - looks & feels damp
 Wet - saturated

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