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Special Collections

High Plains

The High Plains area is part of the Southern Great Plains. It is separated from the Rolling Plains by the Llano Estacado Escarpment and dissected by the Canadian River Breaks in the northern part. Notable canyons include Tule and Palo Duro along the Caprock. This relatively level plateau contains many shallow siltation depressions, or playa lakes, which sometimes cover as much as 40 acres and contain several feet of water after heavy rains. These depressions support unique patterns of vegetation within their confines.

The upland soils are dark brown to reddish brown, mostly deep, neutral to calcareous clay and clay loams in the north to sandy loams and sands in the south. Caliche is present under many soils at various depths, especially on the Potter series. The original vegetation of the High Plains was variously classified as mixed prairie, shortgrass prairie, and in some locations on deep, sandy soils as tallgrass prairie. Blue grama, buffalograss, and galleta (Hilaria jamesii) are the principal vegetation on the clay and clay loam sites.

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scientific namecommon name(s)image gallery
Eryngium leavenworthiiLeavenworth's Eryngo
Eryngo
False Purple Thistle
Erioneuron pilosumHairy Woollygrass
Hairy Tridens
Eriogonum wrightiiWright's Buckwheat
Bastard-sage
Wild Buckwheat
Perennial Buckwheat
Shrubby Buckwheat
Shrubby Bastard-sage
Euphorbia marginataSnow On The Mountain
Snow-on-the-mountain
Funastrum cynanchoidesFringed Twinevine
Climbing Milkweed Vine
Twine-vine
Funastrum cynanchoides ssp. heterophyllumHartweg's Twinevine
Vine Milkweed
Gaillardia pinnatifidaRed Dome Blanketflower
Yellow Gaillardia
Blanket Flower
Gaillardia pulchellaIndian Blanket
Firewheel
Girasol Rojo
Gaillardia suavisPincushion Daisy
Fragrant Gaillardia
Rayless Gaillardia
Perfumeballs
Glandularia bipinnatifida var. bipinnatifidaPrairie Verbena
Purple Prairie Verbena
Dakota Mock Vervain
Dakota Vervain
scientific namecommon name(s)image gallery

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General Appearance

Lifespan

Light requirement
 Sun - 6 or more hrs
 Part shade - 2 to 6 hrs
 Shade - 2 hrs or less

Soil moisture
 Dry - no signs of moisture
 Moist - looks & feels damp
 Wet - saturated

Bloom Time
 Jan  Feb  Mar
 Apr  May  Jun
 Jul  Aug  Sep
 Oct  Nov  Dec
Bloom Color
 White  Red  Pink
 Orange  Yellow  Green
 Blue  Purple  Violet
 Brown  Black

Leaf Arrangement
 Alternate
 Opposite
 Whorled
 Fascicled

Leaf Retention
 Deciduous
 Evergreen
 Semi-evergreen