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Smith, R.W.

Viola ×palmata

Viola ×palmata L. (pro sp.)

Early Blue Hybrid Violet, Trilobed Hybrid Violet, Palmateleaf Hybrid Violet

Violaceae (Violet Family)

Synonym(s): Viola falcata, Viola palmata, Viola stoneana

USDA Symbol: vipa18

USDA Native Status: L48 (N), CAN (N)

This plant has leaves broader than they are long, with 3-7 lobes, the middle lobe much broader than the others. Flowers are up to 1 1/2 inches across. The 5 violet-purple petals have darker streakings.

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Plant Characteristics

Duration: Perennial
Habit: Herb
Leaf Complexity: Simple
Fruit Type: Capsule
Size Notes: Up to about 1 foot tall, sometimes taller.

Bloom Information

Bloom Color: White , Purple , Violet
Bloom Time: Apr , May , Jun

Distribution

USA: AL , AR , CT , DE , FL , GA , IA , IL , KS , KY , LA , MA , MD , ME , MI , MO , MS , NC , NE , NH , NJ , NY , OH , OK , PA , RI , SC , SD , TN , TX , VA , VT , WI , WV
Native Distribution: S. VT to s. Ont. & MN, s. to FL & MS
Native Habitat: Rich, open deciduous woods; shaded, limestone ledges

Growing Conditions

Light Requirement: Part Shade
Soil Moisture: Moist
Soil Description: Mesic to somewhat dry soils.
Conditions Comments: These violets benefit from a winter mulch in cold climates.

Propagation

Description: Divide the clumps in spring or fall. Can also be propagated by seed.
Seed Treatment: Cold-moist stratify for 10 days.
Commercially Avail: yes

National Wetland Indicator Status

Region:	AGCP	AK	AW	CB	EMP	GP	HI	MW	NCNE	WMVE
Status:	FACU				FACU	FACU		FACU	FACU

This information is derived from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers National Wetland Plant List, Version 3.1 (Lichvar, R.W. 2013. The National Wetland Plant List: 2013 wetland ratings. Phytoneuron 2013-49: 1-241). Click here for map of regions.

Bibliography

Bibref 248 - Texas Wildflowers: A Field Guide (1984) Loughmiller, C. & L. Loughmiller

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Web Reference

Webref 38 - Flora of North America (2019) Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
Webref 23 - Southwest Environmental Information Network (2009) SEINet - Arizona Chapter

Research Literature

Reslit 2849 - A Fascicle of Violets (1899) Edward L. Greene

This information was provided by the Florida WIldflower Foundation.
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Additional resources

USDA: Find Viola �palmata in USDA Plants
FNA: Find Viola �palmata in the Flora of North America (if available)
Google: Search Google for Viola �palmata

Metadata

Record Modified: 2023-01-04
Research By: TWC Staff

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