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Botanical Glossary

Glossary of commonly used botanical terms and their definitions.

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Bilateral symmetryUsually referencing flower structure, descripes a plant part or parts that may be divided along a single plane forming two mirror-image halves; zygomorphic, irregular flower.
BipinnateTwice-pinnate.
BisexualA flower with both stamens and pistils.
BractA reduced or modified leaf occurring at the base of a flower or group of flowers. Bracts are sometimes arranged in rows, like shingles on a roof, usually closely cupping the blossoms of Asteraceae (Sunflower Family); cf. Phyllary. Sometimes brightly colored or petallike, as in Castilleja spp. (paintbrush), or threadlike, as in Daucus carota (Queen Anne's Lace).
BranchletA small branch.
BristlyHaving stiff, rigid, rather thick hairs on the surface of stems or leaves.
BudA small cell-mass in the process of dividing from a stem to form a flower, leaf or another stem.
BulbA thick, rounded, underground organ consisting of layered, fleshy leaves and membranes.
Cactus/SucculentA plant having leaves and/or stems which are thick and fleshy.
CalyxThe sepals taken collectively. These may be distinct, or joined to form a cup or tube; they may be of any color but are usually green. When the calyx is present, it encloses the other parts of the flower in bud.
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