Toadshade Wildflower FarmToadshade Wildflower Farm specializes in nursery grown and propagated perennial plants native to Northeastern America. Our mission is to 1) provide native, perennial, propagated wildflower plants, 2) identify the plants clearly by common and scientific name, 3) clearly summarize the native range of the plants, and 4) to encourage increased plantings of native plant species within their native range. |
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Scientific Name | Common Name | Duration | Habit | Sun | Water |
Acer negundo | Box Elder, Box Elder Maple, Ash-leaved Maple, Ashleaf Maple, Red River Maple, Fresno De Guajuco | Perennial | Tree | Sun | Moist |
Acer negundo var. negundo | Boxelder, Ashleaf Maple, Boxelder Maple, Three-leaf Maple | Perennial | Tree | ||
Acer saccharum | Sugar Maple, Northern Sugar Maple | Perennial | Tree | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Achillea millefolium | Common Yarrow, Western Yarrow, Yarrow, Milfoil | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Dry |
Aesculus flava | Yellow Buckeye, Sweet Buckeye | Perennial | Tree | Shade | Moist |
Agastache foeniculum | Blue Giant Hyssop, Blue Giant-hyssop, Fragrant Giant Hyssop, Lavender Hyssop, Anise Hyssop | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Agastache nepetoides | Yellow Giant Hyssop | Perennial | Subshrub | Sun, Part-shade | |
Agastache scrophulariifolia | Purple Giant Hyssop, Purple Giant-hyssop | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade | Moist |
Ageratina altissima | White Snakeroot | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Ageratina aromatica var. aromatica | Lesser Snakeroot, Small-leaf Snakeroot, Small-leaved Snakeroot, Small White Snakeroot, Aromatic Snakeroot, Fragrant Snakeroot, Aromatic Thoroughwort, Fragrant Thoroughwort | Perennial | Herb, Subshrub, Shrub | ||
Agrimonia parviflora | Harvest Lice, Small-flowered Agrimony, Southern Agrimony, Swamp Agrimony | Perennial | Herb | ||
Agrimonia striata | Roadside Agrimony | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | |
Allium canadense var. canadense | Meadow Garlic, Wild Onion, Canada Onion | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Dry |
Allium cernuum | Nodding Onion | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Alnus serrulata | Smooth Alder, Hazel Alder, Brookside Alder, Tag Alder, Common Alder, Black Alder | Perennial | Shrub | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Amorpha fruticosa | Indigo Bush, False Indigo Bush, False Indigo, Desert False Indigo | Perennial | Shrub | Sun, Part-shade | Moist |
Amsonia illustris | Ozark Bluestar, Showy Blue-star, Missouri Blue Star, Swamp Bluestar | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Moist |
Amsonia tabernaemontana | Eastern Bluestar, Blue Dogbane, Willow Amsonia, Woodland Bluestar | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Wet |
Andropogon gerardii | Big Bluestem, Tall Bluestem, Turkeyfoot | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Sun, Part-shade | Moist |
Andropogon virginicus | Broomsedge, Broomsedge Bluestem, Yellowsedge Bluestem, Whiskey Grass, Popotillo Pajon | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Part-shade | Moist |
Anemone canadensis | Canadian Anemone, Round-leaf Thimbleweed, Canada Anemone, Windflower, Meadow Anemone | Perennial | Herb | Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Anemone virginiana | Tall Thimbleweed, Thimbleweed, Tall Anemone | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Antennaria howellii | Howell's Pussytoes | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Dry |
Antennaria plantaginifolia | Woman's Tobacco, Ladies' Tobacco, Everlasting, Mouse Ear, Plantain-leaf Pussytoes | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Dry |
Apocynum cannabinum | Indian Hemp, Prairie Dogbane, Hemp Dogbane, Dogbane | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Moist |
Aquilegia canadensis | Eastern Red Columbine, Wild Red Columbine | Perennial | Herb | Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Aralia racemosa | American Spikenard | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Arisaema dracontium | Green Dragon, Dragonroot, Greendragon | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade | Moist |
Aronia arbutifolia | Red Chokeberry, Red Chokecherry | Perennial | Shrub | Sun | Moist |
Aronia melanocarpa | Black Chokeberry | Perennial | Shrub | Part-shade | Moist |
Asclepias incarnata | Swamp Milkweed, Pink Milkweed | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Asclepias purpurascens | Purple Milkweed | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Dry |
Asclepias syriaca | Common Milkweed | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Asclepias tuberosa | Butterflyweed, Butterfly Weed, Butterfly Milkweed, Orange Milkweed, Pleurisy Root, Chigger Flower, Chiggerweed | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist, Dry |
Asclepias verticillata | Whorled Milkweed, Eastern Whorled Milkweed | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Dry |
Asimina triloba | Pawpaw, Common Pawpaw, Custard Apple, Indian Banana, Wild Banana | Perennial | Tree | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Baccharis halimifolia | Groundseltree, Sea-myrtle, Consumptionweed, Eastern Baccharis, Groundsel, Groundsel Bush, Salt Marsh-elder, Salt Bush, Florida Groundsel Bush | Perennial | Shrub | Part-shade | Wet |
Baptisia australis | Blue Wild Indigo, Wild Blue Indigo, Blue False Indigo | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Baptisia australis var. australis | Blue Wild Indigo, Wild Blue Indigo, Blue False Indigo | Perennial | Herb | ||
Betula lenta | Sweet Birch, Cherry Birch, Black Birch, Mahogany Birch | Perennial | Tree | Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Betula papyrifera | Paper Birch, Canoe Birch, White Birch | Perennial | Tree | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Betula populifolia | Gray Birch, White Birch, Aspen-leaved Birch | Perennial | Tree | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Moist, Dry |
Bigelowia nuttallii | Nuttall's Rayless Goldenrod | Perennial | Herb | ||
Bignonia capreolata | Crossvine | Perennial | Vine | Sun, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Boehmeria cylindrica | Smallspike False Nettle, Bog Hemp | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Boltonia asteroides | Boltonia, White Doll's Daisy | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist, Dry |
Boltonia decurrens | Claspingleaf Doll's Daisy, Decurrent False Aster | Perennial | Herb | ||
Calycanthus floridus | Eastern Sweetshrub, Carolina Allspice, Sweet Shrub | Perennial | Shrub | Part-shade | Moist |
Campanula rotundifolia | Bluebell Bellflower, Bluebell Of Scotland, Bluebell, Harebell, Witches' Thimble | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Dry |
Campsis radicans | Trumpet Creeper, Trumpet Vine, Common Trumpet Creeper, Cow Vine, Foxglove Vine, Hellvine, Devil's Shoestring | Perennial | Vine | Sun | Moist, Dry |
Carex appalachica | Appalachian Sedge | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Shade, Part-shade | |
Carex bicknellii | Bicknell's Sedge, Prairie Sedge | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Sun, Part-shade | Wet, Moist, Dry |
Carex brevior | Shortbeak Sedge | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | ||
Carex crinita var. crinita | Fringed Sedge, Long Hair Sedge | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Sun | Wet |
Carex grayi | Gray's Sedge | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Part-shade | |
Carex intumescens | Greater Bladder Sedge | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Carex lupulina | Hop Sedge | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Part-shade | |
Carex lurida | Shallow Sedge, Sallow Sedge, Lurid Sedge | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Part-shade | Wet |
Carex pensylvanica | Pennsylvania Sedge | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Dry |
Carex radiata | Eastern Star Sedge | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Sun, Part-shade | Moist |
Carex rosea | Rosy Sedge | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Carex shortiana | Short's Sedge | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | ||
Carex squarrosa | Squarrose Sedge, Narrowleaf Cattail Sedge | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Carex stricta | Upright Sedge, Uptight Sedge, Tussock Sedge | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Sun | Wet, Moist |
Carex typhina | Cattail Sedge | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | ||
Carex vulpinoidea | Fox Sedge, Brown Fox Sedge | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Sun | Wet, Moist |
Carpinus caroliniana ssp. virginiana | American Hornbeam | Perennial | Shrub, Tree | ||
Carya ovata | Shagbark Hickory, Carolina Hickory, Scalybark Hickory, Upland Hickory, Shellbark Hickory | Perennial | Tree | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Catalpa speciosa | Northern Catalpa, Catalpa Tree, Cigar Tree, Indian Bean | Perennial | Tree | Part-shade | Moist |
Celtis occidentalis | Common Hackberry, Northern Hackberry, American Hackberry, Nettle Tree, Beaverwood, False Elm | Perennial | Tree | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Cephalanthus occidentalis | Common Buttonbush, Buttonbush, Button Willow, Honey Bells, Honeybells, Honey Balls, Honeyballs, Button-bush | Perennial | Shrub | Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Cerastium arvense | Field Chickweed | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Dry |
Chasmanthium latifolium | Inland Sea Oats, Indian Wood Oats, Wild Oats, River Oats, Flathead Oats, Upland Oats, Upland Sea Oats | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Chelone glabra | White Turtlehead | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Chionanthus virginicus | White Fringetree, Fringe Tree, Snowflower Tree, Flowering Ash, Old Man's Beard, Grandfather Graybeard, Grancy Graybeard | Perennial | Tree | Part-shade | Moist |
Cirsium discolor | Field Thistle | Biennial | Herb | Sun | Dry |
Clematis virginiana | Devil's Darning Needles, Virgin's Bower, Old Man's Beard | Perennial | Vine | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Clinopodium vulgare | Wild Basil | Perennial | Herb | ||
Collinsonia canadensis | Richweed, Stoneroot, Citronella Horsebalm | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | |
Conoclinium coelestinum | Blue Mistflower, Wild Ageratum, Blue Boneset | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Moist |
Coreopsis tripteris | Tall Tickseed, Tall Coreopsis | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Moist |
Cornus alternifolia | Alternateleaf Dogwood, Alternate-leaf Dogwood, Pagoda Dogwood | Perennial | Shrub | Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Cornus amomum | Silky Dogwood, Red Willow, Silky Cornel | Perennial | Shrub | Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Cornus florida | Flowering Dogwood, Virginia Dogwood, Florida Dogwood, White Cornel, Arrowwood, American Boxwood, False Box, St. Peter's Crown, Corona De San Pedro | Perennial | Tree | Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Cornus sericea | Red Osier Dogwood, Red Osier, Red-twig Dogwood | Perennial | Shrub | Part-shade | Moist |
Dalea purpurea | Purple Prairie Clover | Perennial | Subshrub | Sun | Dry |
Deschampsia cespitosa | Tufted Hairgrass, Tufted Hair Grass | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Part-shade | Wet |
Diarrhena americana | American Beakgrain | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | ||
Diarrhena obovata | Hairy Beakgrain, Obovate Beakgrain | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | ||
Dichanthelium clandestinum | Deertongue, Deer-tongue | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Sun | Wet |
Diervilla lonicera | Northern Bush Honeysuckle, Northern Bush-honeysuckle, Diervilla | Perennial | Shrub | Shade, Part-shade | Dry |
Dioscorea villosa | Wild Yam | Perennial | Vine | ||
Doellingeria umbellata | Parasol Whitetop, Flat-topped White Aster | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Echinacea purpurea | Eastern Purple Coneflower, Purple Coneflower | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Dry |
Elephantopus carolinianus | Carolina Elephantsfoot | Perennial | Herb | ||
Elymus canadensis | Canada Wild Rye, Canadian Wildrye, Prairie Wildrye, Nodding Wildrye | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Sun, Part-shade | Moist |
Elymus hystrix | Eastern Bottlebrush Grass, Bottlebrush Grass | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Sun, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Elymus riparius | Riverbank Wildrye, Riverbank Wild-rye | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Elymus virginicus | Virginia Wild Rye, Virginia Wildrye | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Part-shade | Moist |
Eryngium yuccifolium | Rattlesnake Master, Button Eryngo, Button Snakeroot, Beargrass, Bear's Grass | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Euonymus americanus | American Strawberry Bush, Strawberry Bush, Brook Euonymus, Hearts-a-burstin, Bursting Heart, Wahoo | Perennial | Shrub | Part-shade | Moist |
Eupatorium hyssopifolium | Hyssopleaf Thoroughwort, Hyssop-leaf Boneset | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Eupatorium perfoliatum | Common Boneset | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Eupatorium serotinum | White Boneset, Lateflowering Thoroughwort, Late Boneset, Late-flowering Boneset | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Moist |
Eurybia divaricata | White Wood Aster | Perennial | Herb | Shade, Part-shade | Dry |
Eurybia macrophylla | Bigleaf Aster, Large-leaf Wood-aster | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Euthamia caroliniana | Slender Goldentop, Slender Fragrant Goldenrod | Perennial | Herb | ||
Euthamia graminifolia | Flat-top Goldentop, Grass-leaved Goldenrod | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Eutrochium fistulosum | Joe-pye Weed, Trumpetweed, Queen Of The Meadow, Hollow Joe-pye Weed | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist, Dry |
Eutrochium maculatum | Spotted Joe-pye Weed, Joe-pye Weed, Spotted Trumpetweed | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Eutrochium purpureum | Purple Joepyeweed, Sweet-scented Joepyeweed, Sweet Joepyeweed | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Gentiana clausa | Bottle Gentian, Blind Gentian | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Moist |
Geum aleppicum | Yellow Avens | Perennial | Herb | Shade | Moist |
Geum canadense | White Avens | Perennial | Herb | Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Geum rivale | Purple Avens, Water Avens | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Wet |
Gillenia stipulata | American Ipecac | Perennial | Herb, Subshrub | ||
Hackelia virginiana | Beggarslice, Beggar's-lice, Stickseed, Sticktight, Wild Comfrey, Virginia Stickseed | Biennial, Perennial | Herb | ||
Helianthus angustifolius | Swamp Sunflower, Narrowleaf Sunflower, Narrow-leaved Sunflower | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Wet |
Helianthus decapetalus | Thinleaf Sunflower, Ten-petaled Sunflower, Thin-leaved Sunflower, Pale Sunflower | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Helianthus divaricatus | Woodland Sunflower, Rough Sunflower | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Dry |
Helianthus tuberosus | Jerusalem Artichoke, Sunchoke | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist, Dry |
Heuchera americana | American Alumroot, Alumroot | Perennial | Herb | Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Heuchera longiflora | Longflower Alumroot | Perennial | Herb | ||
Heuchera villosa | Hairy Alumroot | Perennial | Herb | Shade | Moist |
Hibiscus laevis | Halberdleaf Rosemallow, Halberdleaf Hibiscus, Scarlet Rose Mallow, Halberd-leaved Hibiscus, Halberd-leaved Rose-mallow | Perennial | Shrub | Sun, Part-shade | Moist |
Hibiscus moscheutos | Crimson-eyed Rose-mallow, Marshmallow Hibiscus | Perennial | Shrub | Sun, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Hieracium kalmii | Kalm's Hawkweed | Perennial | Herb | ||
Hordeum jubatum ssp. jubatum | Foxtail Barley, Squirreltail Barley, Skunktail | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | ||
Humulus lupulus var. lupuloides | Common Hop | Perennial | Vine | ||
Hydrangea arborescens | Smooth Hydrangea, Wild Hydrangea, Sevenbark | Perennial | Shrub | Part-shade | Moist |
Hypericum ascyron | Great St. John's-wort, Giant St. John's-wort | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Hypericum kalmianum | Kalm's St. John's-wort | Perennial | Shrub | Sun | Dry |
Hypericum prolificum | Shrubby St. John's-wort | Perennial | Shrub | Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Hypericum punctatum | Spotted St. John's-wort | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | |
Ilex opaca | American Holly, White Holly, Prickly Holly, Evergreen Holly, Christmas Holly, Yule Holly | Perennial | Tree | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Dry |
Ilex verticillata | Common Winterberry, Winterberry, Michigan Holly, Black Alder | Perennial | Tree | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Moist, Dry |
Iris prismatica | Slender Blue Iris, Slender Blue Flag, Coastal Iris | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Moist |
Iris versicolor | Harlequin Blueflag, Northern Blue Flag, Large Blue Iris | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Juglans nigra | Black Walnut, Eastern Black Walnut, American Black Walnut | Perennial | Tree | Sun, Part-shade | Moist |
Juncus effusus | Common Rush, Soft Rush | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Sun | Wet, Moist |
Juncus tenuis | Poverty Rush, Path Rush | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Part-shade | |
Liatris pilosa | Shaggy Blazing Star, Shaggy Gayfeather, Shaggy Liatris, Grass-leaf Blazingstar | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Liatris pycnostachya var. pycnostachya | Cattail Gayfeather, Prairie Blazing Star, Prairie Gayfeather | Perennial | Herb | ||
Liatris scariosa | Devil's Bite, Large Blazing Star, Large Gayfeather, Large Liatris, Savanna Blazing Star, Savanna Gayfeather, Savanna Liatris | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Liatris spicata | Dense Blazing Star, Dense Gayfeather, Dense Liatris, Marsh Blazing Star, Marsh Gayfeather, Marsh Liatris | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Liquidambar styraciflua | Sweetgum, American Sweetgum, Red Gum, White Gum, Star-leaved Gum, Starleaf Gum, Alligator Tree, Satin Walnut, Bilsted, Liquidambar | Perennial | Tree | Part-shade | Moist |
Lobelia cardinalis | Cardinal Flower | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Lobelia inflata | Indian Tobacco | Annual | Herb | ||
Lobelia siphilitica | Great Blue Lobelia | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Lobelia spicata | Pale-spike Lobelia | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Lonicera dioica | Limber Honeysuckle | Perennial | Shrub | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Lonicera sempervirens | Coral Honeysuckle, Trumpet Honeysuckle, Woodbine | Perennial | Vine | Sun, Part-shade | Moist |
Ludwigia alternifolia | Seedbox | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Wet, Moist |
Luzula acuminata | Hairy Woodrush | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | ||
Lycopus americanus | American Water Horehound, Water Horehound | Perennial | Herb | Shade | Wet, Moist |
Lycopus uniflorus | Northern Bugleweed | Perennial | Herb | ||
Lycopus virginicus | Virginia Water Horehound, Virginia Bugleweed, American Water Horehound, Sweet Bugleweed, Water Bugle, Carpenter's Herb, Greeen Archangle, Purple Archangle, Paul's Betony, Wood-betony, Wolf-foot, Egyptian's Herb | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | |
Lysimachia ciliata | Fringed Loosestrife, Fringed Yellow Loosestrife | Perennial | Herb | Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Lysimachia lanceolata | Lanceleaf Loosestrife, Lance-leaved Loosestrife | Perennial | Herb | ||
Maclura pomifera | Osage Orange, Bois d' Arc, Bodark, Horse Apple, Hedge Apple, Bowwood, Yellowwood, Naranjo Chino, Monkey Brains | Perennial | Tree | Sun | Dry |
Maianthemum stellatum | Starry False Lily Of The Valley, Starry False Solomon's Seal, Star-flowered Solomon's Seal | Perennial | Herb | Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Menispermum canadense | Common Moonseed | Perennial | Vine | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Mentha arvensis | Wild Mint | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Mimulus alatus | Sharpwing Monkeyflower, Sharp-winged Monkeyflower | Perennial | Herb | ||
Mimulus ringens | Allegheny Monkeyflower, Square-stemmed Monkeyflower, Square-stem Monkeyflower | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Wet, Moist |
Mitella diphylla | Twoleaf Miterwort, Miterwort | Perennial | Herb | Shade | Moist |
Monarda didyma | Scarlet Beebalm, Oswego Tea, Red Bergamot | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Monarda fistulosa | Wild Bergamot, Beebalm | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Monarda media | Purple Bergamot | Perennial | Herb | ||
Neviusia alabamensis | Alabama Snow-wreath, Neviusia | Perennial | Shrub | Part-shade | Moist |
Oenothera biennis | Common Evening-primrose, King's Cure-all, Common Evening Primrose | Biennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Dry |
Oenothera gaura | Biennial Beeblossom, Biennial Gaura | Biennial | Herb | Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Oligoneuron riddellii | Riddell's Goldenrod | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Onoclea sensibilis | Sensitive Fern, Bead Fern, Sympathy Fern | Perennial | Herb, Fern | Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Opuntia humifusa | Low Prickly Pear, Smooth Prickly Pear, Devil's Tongue | Perennial | Cactus/Succulent | Sun | Dry |
Oxalis stricta | Common Yellow Oxalis, Yellow Wood-sorrel, Upright Yellow Wood-sorrel, Yellow Woodsorrel | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Dry |
Packera anonyma | Small's Ragwort | Perennial | Herb | ||
Packera obovata | Golden Groundsel, Roundleaf Groundsel, Roundleaf Ragwort | Perennial | Herb | Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Packera paupercula | Balsam Groundsel, Northern Ragwort | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | |
Panicum capillare | Witchgrass | Annual | Grass/Grass-like | ||
Parthenocissus quinquefolia | Virginia Creeper | Perennial | Vine | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Penstemon calycosus | Long-sepal Penstemon, Long-sepal Beardtongue | Perennial | Herb | ||
Penstemon digitalis | Mississippi Penstemon, Mississippi Beardtongue, Smooth White Penstemon, Smooth White Beardtongue, Talus Slope Penstemon, Talus Slope Beardtongue, Foxglove Penstemon, Foxglove Beardtongue | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Wet, Moist, Dry |
Penstemon hirsutus | Hairy Penstemon, Hairy Beardtongue | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Dry |
Penstemon laevigatus | Eastern Smooth Penstemon, Eastern Smooth Beardtongue, Smooth Penstemon, Smooth Beardtongue, Eastern Penstemon, Eastern Beardtongue, Hairy Penstemon, Hairy Beardtongue | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Penstemon tubaeflorus | White Wand Penstemon, White Wand Beardtongue | Perennial | Herb | ||
Penthorum sedoides | Ditch Stonecrop | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Wet |
Phacelia bipinnatifida | Fernleaf Phacelia, Fernleaf Scorpion Weed, Spotted Phacelia, Loose-flowered Phacelia | Biennial | Herb | Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Phlox paniculata | Fall Phlox, Perennial Phlox | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Phlox stolonifera | Creeping Phlox | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Aronia ×prunifolia | Purple Chokeberry, Red Chokeberry | Perennial | Shrub | ||
Physostegia virginiana | Fall Obedient Plant, False Dragonhead, Virginia Lions-heart | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Phytolacca americana | American Pokeweed, Great Pokeweed, Pokeweed, Pokeberry, Red Ink Plant, Pigeonberry | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Moist |
Picea mariana | Black Spruce, Spruce Fir | Perennial | Tree | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Pilea pumila var. pumila | Canadian Clearweed | Annual | Herb | ||
Pinus strobus | Eastern White Pine, Weymouth Pine | Perennial | Tree | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Plantago maritima | Goose Tongue | Perennial | Herb | ||
Plantago rugelii | Blackseed Plantain, Pale Plantain | Perennial | Herb | ||
Platanus occidentalis | American Sycamore, Eastern Sycamore, American Plane Tree, Plane Tree, Buttonwood, Buttonball Tree | Perennial | Tree | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Polemonium reptans | Greek Valerian, Jacob's Ladder | Perennial | Herb | Shade | Moist |
Polygonatum biflorum | Smooth Solomon's Seal, Great Solomon's-seal, Sealwort | Perennial | Herb | Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Polygonum scandens var. scandens | Climbing False Buckwheat | Perennial | Vine | ||
Polygonum virginianum | Jumpseed | Annual | Herb | ||
Prunella vulgaris ssp. lanceolata | Lanceleaf Selfheal, Self-heal | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | |
Prunus serotina | Black Cherry, Wild Black Cherry, Rum Cherry | Perennial | Tree | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium | Sweet Everlasting, Rabbit-tobacco, Fragrant Cudweed | Annual | Herb | ||
Pycnanthemum incanum | Hoary Mountain Mint, Silverleaf Mountain Mint | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Pycnanthemum muticum | Clustered Mountainmint | Perennial | Herb | ||
Pycnanthemum tenuifolium | Narrowleaf Mountain Mint, Slender Mountain Mint, Common Horsemint | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Pycnanthemum verticillatum | Whorled Mountainmint | Perennial | Herb | ||
Pycnanthemum virginianum | Virginia Mountain Mint | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Moist |
Quercus rubra | Northern Red Oak | Perennial | Tree | Sun, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Ratibida pinnata | Grayhead Coneflower, Gray-headed Coneflower, Grayhead Mexican Hat, Gray-headed Mexican Hat, Pinnate Prairie Coneflower, Yellow Coneflower | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Rhus copallinum var. copallinum | Flameleaf Sumac, Shining Sumac, Winged Sumac | Perennial | Shrub, Tree | ||
Rhus typhina | Staghorn Sumac, Velvet Sumac | Perennial | Shrub, Tree | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Dry |
Rosa carolina | Carolina Rose, Pasture Rose | Perennial | Shrub | Sun, Part-shade | Wet, Moist, Dry |
Rosa palustris | Swamp Rose | Perennial | Shrub | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Rosa virginiana | Virginia Rose | Perennial | Shrub | Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Rubus allegheniensis | Allegheny Blackberry | Perennial | Subshrub | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Rubus flagellaris | Northern Dewberry | Perennial | Subshrub | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Rubus idaeus | American Red Raspberry, Wild Red Raspberry, Red Raspberry | Perennial | Subshrub | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Rubus occidentalis | Black Raspberry, Thimbleberry | Perennial | Subshrub | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Rubus odoratus | Purple-flowering Raspberry, Thimbleberry | Perennial | Subshrub | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Rubus pensilvanicus | Pennsylvania Blackberry | Perennial | Subshrub | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Rudbeckia fulgida | Orange Coneflower, Orange Rudbeckia, Perennial Black-eyed Susan, Goldstrum | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Rudbeckia hirta | Black-eyed Susan, Common Black-eyed Susan, Brown-eyed Susan, Blackeyed Susan | Annual, Biennial, Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist, Dry |
Rudbeckia laciniata | Green-headed Coneflower, Greenhead Coneflower, Cutleaf Coneflower, Wild Goldenglow, Sochan | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Rudbeckia subtomentosa | Sweet Coneflower, Sweet Black-eyed Susan | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Moist |
Rudbeckia triloba | Browneyed Susan, Brown-eyed-susan, Thin-leaved Coneflower, Three-lobed Rudbeckia | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Ruellia purshiana | Pursh's Wild Petunia | Perennial | Herb | ||
Ruellia strepens | Limestone Ruellia, Limestone Wild Petunia | Perennial | Herb | ||
Salix discolor | Pussy Willow, Glaucous Willow | Perennial | Shrub | Sun | Moist |
Salvia lyrata | Lyreleaf Sage, Cancer Weed | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani | Softstem Bulrush, Soft-stem Club-rush, Great Bulrush | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Sun | Wet |
Scirpus atrocinctus | Blackgirdle Bulrush | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | ||
Scirpus atrovirens | Green Bulrush, Dark Green Bulrush | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Sun | Wet |
Scirpus cyperinus | Woolgrass, Cottongrass Bulrush, Marsh Bulrush, Teddybear Paws | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Sun | Wet |
Scirpus georgianus | Georgia Bulrush | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Part-shade | |
Scrophularia marilandica | Carpenter's Square, Maryland Figwort | Perennial | Herb, Subshrub | ||
Scutellaria lateriflora | Blue Skullcap | Perennial | Herb | ||
Sedum ternatum | Woodland Stonecrop, Wild Stonecrop | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Moist |
Senna hebecarpa | American Senna, Wild Senna | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Moist |
Senna marilandica | Maryland Senna, Maryland Wild Senna, Southern Wild Senna, Wild Senna | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Sicyos angulatus | One-seed Burr Cucumber, Star Cucumber | Annual | Vine | ||
Silphium laciniatum | Compassplant, Compass Plant | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Dry |
Silphium perfoliatum | Cup Plant, Indian Cup | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Wet, Moist, Dry |
Silphium terebinthinaceum | Prairie Rosinweed, Prairie Dock | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Wet, Moist |
Silphium trifoliatum | Whorled Rosinweed | Perennial | Herb | ||
Smilax rotundifolia | Roundleaf Greenbriar, Common Greenbriar | Perennial | Shrub, Vine | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Solidago altissima | Tall Goldenrod, Late Goldenrod, Canadian Goldenrod, Canada Goldenrod | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Moist |
Solidago bicolor | White Goldenrod, Silverrod | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Dry |
Solidago flexicaulis | Zigzag Goldenrod, Broadleaf Goldenrod | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Solidago gigantea | Giant Goldenrod, Smooth Goldenrod, Tall Goldenrod, Late Goldenrod, Early Goldenrod | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | |
Solidago patula | Roundleaf Goldenrod | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Solidago rugosa | Wrinkleleaf Goldenrod, Wrinkle-leaf Goldenrod, Rough-leaved Goldenrod, Roughleaf Goldenrod, Rough-stemmed Goldenrod, Roughstem Goldenrod | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Wet |
Solidago sempervirens | Seaside Goldenrod | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Solidago speciosa | Showy Goldenrod, Noble Goldenrod | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Moist |
Solidago ulmifolia | Elmleaf Goldenrod, Elm-leaved Goldenrod | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Dry |
Sorghastrum nutans | Indiangrass, Yellow Indiangrass, Indian Grass | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Sparganium eurycarpum | Broadfruit Bur-reed, Giant Bur-reed, Great Bur-reed | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | |
Spiraea alba var. latifolia | White Meadowsweet, Meadowsweet | Perennial | Shrub | Sun | Moist |
Spiraea tomentosa | Steeplebush | Perennial | Shrub | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Sporobolus heterolepis | Prairie Dropseed | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Sun | Dry |
Stylophorum diphyllum | Celandine Poppy, Yellow Wood Poppy | Perennial | Herb | Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Symphoricarpos orbiculatus | Coralberry, Indian Currant, Buckbrush | Perennial | Shrub | Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Symphyotrichum cordifolium | Broad-leaved Aster, Common Blue Wood Aster, Heartleaf Aster | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Symphyotrichum laeve | Smooth Blue Aster | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Dry |
Symphyotrichum lanceolatum | Whitepanicle Aster, Panicled Aster, Lanceleaf Aster, White Panicle Aster | Perennial | Herb | ||
Symphyotrichum lateriflorum | Calico Aster | Perennial | Herb | Sun | |
Symphyotrichum novae-angliae | New England Aster, New England American-aster | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Moist |
Symphyotrichum novi-belgii | New York Aster | Perennial | Herb | ||
Symphyotrichum oblongifolium | Aromatic Aster, Aromatic American Aster, Fall Aster, Wild Blue Aster, Shale Aster | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Symphyotrichum oolentangiense var. oolentangiense | Skyblue Aster | Perennial | Herb | ||
Symphyotrichum pilosum var. pilosum | Hairy White Oldfield Aster, Frost Aster | Perennial | Herb | Sun | |
Symphyotrichum prenanthoides | Crookedstem Aster, Crooked-stem Aster | Perennial | Herb | Shade, Part-shade | |
Symphyotrichum puniceum | Purplestem Aster, Purple-stemmed Aster | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Wet, Moist |
Teucrium canadense | American Germander, Canada Germander, Canadian Germander, Germander, Hairy Germander, Wood Sage | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Moist |
Thalictrum coriaceum | Maid Of The Mist | Perennial | Herb | ||
Thalictrum dasycarpum | Purple Meadow-rue, Tall Meadow-rue, Meadow Rue | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Thalictrum dioicum | Early Meadow-rue | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Moist |
Thalictrum pubescens | King Of The Meadow, King-of-the-meadow, Tall Meadow Rue | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Moist |
Thermopsis villosa | Carolina Bushpea, Aaron's Rod, Bush Pea | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Moist |
Tiarella cordifolia var. collina | Heartleaf Foamflower, Wherry's Foamflower | Perennial | Herb | Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Tilia americana | American Basswood, American Linden, Lime Tree, Bee Tree | Perennial | Tree | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Tradescantia bracteata | Bracted Spiderwort, Long-bract Spiderwort | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Moist |
Tradescantia ohiensis | Ohio Spiderwort, Bluejacket | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Dry |
Tradescantia virginiana | Virginia Spiderwort, Spider Lily | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Tridens flavus | Purpletop Tridens, Redtop Tridens, Tall Redtop Tridens, Purpletop, Redtop, Tall Redtop | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Part-shade | Dry |
Typha latifolia | Broadleaf Cattail, Common Cattail | Perennial | Grass/Grass-like | Sun, Part-shade | Wet |
Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis | California Nettle, Stinging Nettle | Perennial | Herb | ||
Verbena hastata | Swamp Verbena, Blue Verbena, Blue Vervain, Simpler's Joy | Biennial | Herb | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Verbena urticifolia | White Vervain, White Verbena | Perennial | Herb | ||
Verbesina alternifolia | Wingstem, Yellow Ironweed | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Vernonia glauca | Broadleaf Ironweed | Perennial | Herb | ||
Vernonia noveboracensis | New York Ironweed | Perennial | Herb | Sun | Moist |
Veronicastrum virginicum | Culver's Root | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Moist |
Viburnum lentago | Nannyberry, Blackhaw, Sweet Viburnum, Sheepberry | Perennial | Shrub | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist |
Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides | Withe-rod, Witherod Viburnum, Possumhaw, Wild Raisin | Perennial | Shrub | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Wet, Moist |
Viburnum prunifolium | Blackhaw, Smooth Blackhaw, Blackhaw Viburnum, Smooth Blackhaw Viburnum, Stagbush | Perennial | Shrub | Part-shade | Moist |
Viola lanceolata ssp. lanceolata | Bog White Violet | Perennial | Herb | ||
Viola sagittata var. sagittata | Arrowleaf Violet, Triangle-leafed Violet | Perennial | Herb | ||
Viola sororia | Missouri Violet, Common Blue Violet, Hooded Blue Violet, Florida Violet, Meadow Violet, Confederate Violet, Dooryard Violet, Purple Violet, Woolly Blue Violet, Wood Violet, Hooded Violet | Annual | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Moist |
Viola striata | Striped Cream Violet, Striped Violet, Common White Violet, Pale Violet | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Wet |
Viola ×palmata | Early Blue Hybrid Violet, Trilobed Hybrid Violet, Palmateleaf Hybrid Violet | Perennial | Herb | Part-shade | Moist |
Vitis aestivalis | Summer Grape , Pigeon Grape | Perennial | Vine | ||
Vitis riparia | Riverbank Grape, River-bank Grape | Perennial | Vine | Sun, Shade, Part-shade | Moist, Dry |
Yucca filamentosa | Adam's Needle | Perennial | Cactus/Succulent | Sun | Dry |
Zizia aurea | Golden Zizia, Golden Alexanders | Perennial | Herb | Sun, Part-shade | Moist |