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| scientific name | common name(s) | image gallery |
| Mammillaria heyderi | Little nipple cactus | |
| Matelea reticulata | Green milkweed vine Net vein milkvine Netted milkvine Pearl milkweed Vine | |
| Manfreda sileri | Siler's tuberose | |
| Mahonia swaseyi | Texas barberry Texas Oregon-grape | |
| Mahonia trifoliolata | Agarita Agarito Algerita Laredo mahonia Laredo Oregon-grape Trifoliate barberry | |
| Magnolia virginiana | Sweetbay Sweetbay magnolia Swampbay Swamp magnolia Small magnolia | |
| Mentzelia albescens | Wavyleaf blazingstar | |
| Merremia dissecta | Alamo Vine Noyau vine Correhuela de las Doce | |
| Mentzelia oligosperma | Chickenthief Stick-leaf | |
| Mecardonia procumbens | Baby jump-up | |
| Melochia pyramidata | Broom-Wood Pyramid flower Pyramidflower | |
| Minuartia drummondii | Drummond's stitchwort Sandwort | |
| Mimosa latidens | Kairn's sensitive-briar | |
| Mitreola petiolata | Lax hornpod | |
| Mikania scandens | Climbing hempvine Climbing hempweed | |
| Mimosa strigillosa | Powderpuff Sunshine mimosa Sensitive plant | |
| Modiola caroliniana | Carolina bristlemallow Carolina Modiola | |
| Morella cerifera | Wax myrtle Southern bayberry Candleberry | |
| Monarda citriodora | Lemon beebalm Horsemint Purple horsemint Lemon mint Plains horsemint Lemon horsemint | |
| Monarda clinopodioides | Basil beebalm | |
| Muhlenbergia capillaris | Gulf muhly Hair-awn muhly Hairy-awn muhly Hair grass Pink muhly | |
| Muhlenbergia rigida | Purple muhly | |
| Nama havardii | Havard's fiddleleaf | |
| Nama jamaicense | Jamaicanweed | |
| Nassella leucotricha | Texas wintergrass Texas Speargrass Wintergrass | |
| Nerisyrenia camporum | Bicolor fanmustard Mesa Greggia | |
| Nemastylis geminiflora | Prairie celestials Celestials Prairie pleatleaf | |
| Nerisyrenia linearifolia | White Sands fanmustard | |
| Nelumbo lutea | American lotus Yellow water lotus Yellow lotus | |
| Nemophila phacelioides | Baby blue-eyes Flannel breeches Large-flower baby-blue-eyes Largeflower baby blue eyes Texas baby blue eyes | |
| Neptunia pubescens | Tropical puff | |
| Nemastylis tenuis | Southwestern pleatleaf | |
| Nicotiana repanda | Fiddleleaf tobacco Fiddle-Leaf Tobacco | |
| Nothoscordum bivalve | Crow poison Crowpoison False garlic | |
| Nolina lindheimeriana | Devil's shoestring Devil’s-shoestring Ribbon grass | |
| Nuttallanthus texanus | Texas Toad-Flax Texas toadflax Toadflax | |
| Oenothera macrocarpa | Bigfruit evening-primrose Missouri evening-primrose Fluttermill Big-fruit evening-primrose Missouri Primrose | |
| Oenothera speciosa | Pink evening primrose Showy evening primrose Mexican evening primrose Showy primrose Pink ladies Buttercups Pink buttercups | |
| Onosmodium helleri | Heller's marbleseed Marble-seed | |
| Opuntia engelmannii | Cactus apple | |
| Opuntia humifusa | Devil's-tongue Low prickly pear Smooth prickly pear Prickly pear | |
| Opuntia strigil | Marblefruit pricklypear | |
| Orobanche ludoviciana ssp. multiflora | Manyflower broomrape | |
| Ostrya virginiana | Eastern hop-hornbeam Hophornbeam Ironwood | |
| Oxalis dillenii | Slender yellow woodsorrel | |
| Oxalis drummondii | Drummond's woodsorrel Wood-sorrel | |
| Parkinsonia aculeata | Retama Paloverde Mexican Palo Verde Jerusalem thorn Lluvia de Oro | |
| Palafoxia callosa | Small palafox Small palafoxia | |
| Paspalidium geminatum | Egyptian panicgrass | |
| Panicum hallii | Hall's panicgrass | |
| Palafoxia hookeriana | Sand palafox Hooker palafoxia Sand palafoxia Hooker's palafoxia | |
| Paspalum langei | Rustyseed paspalum | |
| Passiflora lutea | Yellow passion vine Yellow passion-flower Yellow passionflower | |
| Packera millelobata | Uinta ragwort | |
| Panicum obtusum | Vine mesquite | |
| Packera obovata | Golden groundsel Roundleaf groundsel Roundleaf ragwort Squawweed | |
| Parietaria pensylvanica | Pennsylvania pellitory Pennsylvania cucumber plant | |
| Passiflora tenuiloba | Bird Wing Passionflower Birdwing passionflower Slender-lobe Passionflower Spread Lobe Passionflower | |
| Parkinsonia texana var. texana | Palo-verde Texas palo-verde Texas paloverde | |
| Pappophorum vaginatum | Whiplash pappusgrass | |
| Penstemon baccharifolius | Rock penstemon Cut-Leaf Penstemon Baccharis-leaf beardtongue Beard Tongue | |
| Penstemon fendleri | Fendler's penstemon Fendler penstemon Purple foxglove | |
| Penstemon havardii | Big Bend beardtongue Big Bend penstemon Havard penstemon | |
| Penstemon laxiflorus | Nodding beardtongue Loose-flowered Penstemon | |
| Peganum mexicanum | Garbancillo | |
| Penstemon murrayanus | Scarlet beardtongue Red penstemon Cupleaf beardtongue Cupleaf Penstemon Scarlet Penstemon Beard tongue | |
| Perityle vaseyi | Vasey's rockdaisy | |
| Phaseolus acutifolius | Tepary bean | |
| Phalaris caroliniana | Carolina canarygrass Maygrass | |
| Physalis cinerascens var. cinerascens | Smallflower groundcherry | |
| Phacelia congesta | Blue curls Caterpillars Fiddleneck | |
| Phryma leptostachya | American lopseed Lopseed | |
| Phaseolus maculatus | Spotted bean Metcalf bean | |
| Phyla nodiflora | Texas frogfruit Turkey tangle fogfruit Frogfruit | |
| Phacelia robusta | Stout phacelia | |
| Phacelia rupestris | Rock phacelia | |
| Piptochaetium avenaceum | Blackseed speargrass | |
| Pinus cembroides | Mexican pinyon Mexican pinyon pine | |
| Pinaropappus roseus | White rock lettuce White dandelion Pink dandelion | |
| Plantago aristata | Largebracted plantain Buckthorn | |
| Platanthera ciliaris | Yellow fringed orchid Orange-fringed orchid Orange plume | |
| Pluchea foetida | Stinking camphorweed | |
| Plantago helleri | Heller's plantain | |
| Platanus occidentalis | American sycamore Buttonwood Plane-tree Sycamore | |
| Pluchea odorata | Sweetscent Saltmarsh Fleabane | |
| Plantago rhodosperma | Redseed plantain Red-seeded Plantain | |
| Plantago wrightiana | Wright's plantain | |
| Polanisia dodecandra | Clammyweed Redwhisker clammyweed | |
| Poliomintha glabrescens | Leafy rosemary-mint | |
| Polytaenia nuttallii | Nuttall's prairie parsley Prairie parsley Wild dill Prairie parsnip | |
| Portulaca pilosa | Chisme Kiss me quick | |
| Polypremum procumbens | Juniper leaf | |
| Porophyllum scoparium | Trans-Pecos poreleaf Poreleaf Shrubby Poreleaf Hierba del Venado Jarilla Pomerillo | |
| Polytaenia texana | Texas prairie parsley Texas-Parsley | |
| Polanisia uniglandulosa | Mexican clammyweed Clammyweed | |
| Proboscidea louisianica | Devil's claw Ram's horn Unicorn plant Proboscis flower | |
| Prunus mexicana | Mexican plum Bigtree plum | |
| Prunus serotina var. virens | Southwestern black cherry Southwestern chokecherry Black cherry | |
| Ptilimnium nuttallii | Laceflower Mock bishop's-weed | |
| Ptelea trifoliata ssp. trifoliata | Baldwin hop-tree Common hoptree | |
| scientific name | common name(s) | image gallery |