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Special Collections

Wildflowers of the Eastern Woodlands

Deciduous forests cover much of the eastern United States, gradually giving way to coniferous forests farther north and grasslands to the west. Dominated by deciduous trees, eastern forests typically have several vertical layers of vegetation, including a dense, upper canopy of mature trees; a subcanopy of smaller or immature trees; and an understory of shrubs and low-growing herbaceous plants. Many woodland wildflowers, called spring ephemerals, bloom before the trees have leafed out; other species, which can tolerate partial or complete shade, flower later. The species in this collection comprise some of the most common spring wildflowers in eastern deciduous forests.

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scientific namecommon name(s)image gallery
Actaea rubraRed Baneberry
Anemone quinquefoliaWood Anemone
Nightcaps
Windflower
Aquilegia canadensisEastern Red Columbine
Wild Red Columbine
Aralia nudicaulisWild Sarsaparilla
Arisaema triphyllumJack In The Pulpit
Indian Jack In The Pulpit
Jack-in-the-pulpit
Caltha palustrisYellow Marsh Marigold
Cowslip
Clintonia borealisBluebead
Yellow Bluebead-lily
Clintonia
Blue-bead Lily
Claytonia carolinianaCarolina Springbeauty
Cornus canadensisBunchberry Dogwood
Canadian Bunchberry
Cypripedium acauleMoccasin Flower
Pink Lady's Slipper
Cypripedium parviflorumYellow Lady's-slipper Orchid
Lesser Yellow Lady's Slipper
Cypripedium reginaeShowy Lady's Slipper
Dicentra cucullariaDutchman's Breeches
Erythronium americanumYellow Trout-lily
American Trout-lily
Eastern Trout-lily
Yellow Dogtooth Violet
Adder's Tongue
Geranium maculatumSpotted Geranium
Wild Geranium
Cranesbill
Hepatica nobilis var. obtusaRoundlobe Hepatica
Round-lobed Hepatica
Liverleaf
Linnaea borealisTwinflower
American Twinflower
Maianthemum canadenseCanada Mayflower
False Lily-of-the-valley
Maianthemum racemosumFeathery False Lily Of The Valley
False Solomon's Seal
Feathery False Solomon's Seal
False Spikenard
Solomon's Plume
Smilacina
Polygala paucifoliaGaywings
Fringed Polygala
Flowering Wintergreen
Podophyllum peltatumMayapple
Indian Apple
Wild Mandrake
Pomme De Mai
Podophylle Pelt
Sanguinaria canadensisBloodroot
Silene virginicaFire Pink
Scarlet Catchfly
Tiarella cordifoliaHeartleaf Foamflower
Heart-leaf Foamflower
Trientalis borealisStarflower
Trillium cernuumWhip-poor-will Flower
Nodding Trillium
Nodding Wakerobin
Trillium erectumRed Trillium
Red Wakerobin
Stinking Benjamin
Wet Dog Trillium
Wet Dog Wakerobin
Purple Trillium
Purple Wakerobin
Trillium grandiflorumWhite Wake-robin
White Trillium
Large-flower Wake-robin
Large-flower Trillium
Large-flowered Wake-robin
Large-flowered Trillium
Trillium undulatumPainted Trillium
Painted Wakerobin
Uvularia grandifloraLargeflower Bellwort
Large-flower Bellwort
Merrybells
scientific namecommon name(s)image gallery

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General Appearance

Lifespan

Light requirement
 Sun - 6 or more hrs
 Part shade - 2 to 6 hrs
 Shade - 2 hrs or less

Soil moisture
 Dry - no signs of moisture
 Moist - looks & feels damp
 Wet - saturated

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Leaf Retention
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